英語長(zhǎng)句的分析方法是什么?
1）找出全句的主語、謂語和賓語，即句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu);
2）找出句中所有的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短語和從句的引導(dǎo)詞;
3）分析從句和短語的功能，例如，是否為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句或狀語從句等;以及詞，短語和從句之間的關(guān)系;
4）分析句子中是否有固定詞組或固定搭配、插入語等其他成分。
長(zhǎng)句翻譯的步驟舉例: 經(jīng)典例題470
In Africa I met a boy，who was crying as if his heart would break and said，when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.
分析:
第一，拆分句子:這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句可以拆分為四段:In Africa I met a boy/who was crying as if his heart would break/when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because/he had had no food for two days.
第二，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析:
（1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+過去式+賓語:I met a boy…。
（2）crying后面是壯語從句“as if his heart would break”。
（3）“when I spoke to him”是介于“said”和“that he was hungry because”之間的插入語。 第三，難點(diǎn)部分的處理:“crying as if his heart would break”應(yīng)譯為“哭得傷心極了”。
參考譯文 在非洲，我遇到一個(gè)小孩，他哭得傷心極了，我問他時(shí)，他說他餓了，兩天沒有吃飯了。 一般來說，長(zhǎng)句的翻譯有順序法、逆序法、分譯法和綜合法四種。現(xiàn)將各種方法
